Artificial Intelligence

Updated: 2017-02-09 (9:01 am CST)

• The attempt to make computers perform intelligent actions.
  • However, the definition of what constitutes AI appears to change as it develops. In other words, when a computer does something intelligent, that performance is no longer deemed as AI.
    • Google: AI Definition

Subfields

• Natural Language Processing
  • The attempt to get computers to understand spoken speech.
  • Voice recognition has been a recent breakthrough
  • Lexical analysis is still a problem
    • Google: Natural Language Processing
• Chess and other games
  • Games are an old area in AI
  • Checkers and Backgammon are understood
    • Google: AI Checkers
  • Chess is falling fast (Deep Blue)
    • Google: "Deep Blue" Chess
  • Poker
    • Libratus (Carnegie-Mellon)
  • Good example of strong AI
    • Google: "Strong AI" "Weak AI"
• Robotics
  • "Hard AI"
  • Difficult because of the constraints of the real world
  • Autonomous Navigation
    • robots that think for themselves as they navigate through the world
    • Article: Moving Driverless Transit into the Mainstream: Research Issues and Challenges
    • Video: Robocop, Robocop kills executive
  • Google: Robotics
  • Honda's Asimo You Tube (4:14)
  • Sony's Aibo Robots playing soccer 2005 (10:18)
  • Batbot (1:23)
  • Hydrogel (1:19)
  • Robotic Dog (0:56)
    
• Expert Systems
  • Another success of AI
  • Consist of knowledge base and inference engine
  • Critics (Dreyfus) claim that such expert knowledge is shallower than that of human experts
  • Many expert systems have been developed
    • Google: "Expert Systems"
• Knowledge Retrieval and Data Mining
  • Newer area
  • Consists of finding difficult to see patterns in large groups of data (i.e., stock market)
    • Google: "Data Mining"
• Agents
  • Consist of software that can search a database
  • Many use the Internet as their domain
  • Another newer area
    • Google: Software Agents
• Knowledge Representation
  • How is knowledge represented?
  • How do humans represent knowledge?
  • How should computers represent knowledge?
    • Google: "Knowledge Representation"
• Parallel Distributed Processing
  • Alternative to von Neumann serial design
  • Difficult to implement the software
    • Google: "Parallel Distributed Processing" Connectionism
• Machine Vision
  • Another difficult area
  • Problem is how to analyze and interpret the large amount of data that is collected
    • Google: "Machine Vision"
• Machine Learning
  • How can machines be made to learn for themselves (i.e., like children do)?
    • Google: "Machine Learning"

URLs

• AI Topics (AAAI)
  • Collection of information on AI http://www.aaai.org/AITopics/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/AITopics/HomePage
• AI in the News (AAAI)
  • http://www.aaai.org/AITopics/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/AITopics/AINews
• AI Education Repository --index, basic, short, links, graphics (site no longer maintained)
  • Divided into two parts, the first covers: syllabi, books, papers, tools, and other resources. The second part is topical and covers: expert systems, fuzzy logic, knowledge representation, logic and reasoning, natural language processing, neural networks, robotics, search and game playing, vision, and other topics. http://www.cs.cofc.edu/~manaris/ai-education-repository/
• Natural Language Processing FAQ
  • http://www.faqs.org/faqs/natural-lang-processing-faq/
• Jeopardy!
  • Video: Watson crushes humans in second round
  • Video: All three Jeopardy! shows featuring Watson
  • News: Watson wins handily in third round (WSJ)
• Chess
  • Play chess online
    • A place to play chess on-line. http://www.chessclub.com/
  • Deep Blue (updated: 2007-05-01)
• Checkers
  • Chinook
• Navlab --text,
  • Describes autonomous vehicle research at Carnegie Mellon U. http://www.ri.cmu.edu/research_lab_group_detail.html?lab_id=28&menu_id=263
• Fuzzy expert systems FAQ
• Expert systems FAQ index
• Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery FAQ
• Tools for data mining
• Knowledge Discovery in Databases
  • The Data Mine
  • Tutorial (AAAI)
• What is an intelligent agent
• Knowledge Representation (AAAI)
• Knowledge Representation (tutorial)
• Image Labs International
  • Machine Vision Library
• Machine Vision for Autonomous Navigation
• Westworld (Movie Trailer, 1973)
• Autonomous Robot Vision video

• FAQs for AI (index page)
• SOAR (the late Allen Newell's project)
• AI on the Web--index, interm., long, links
  • Very comprehensive site (820 pages) on artificial intelligence (AI), organized like the book, AI: A Modern Approach. Topics covered are: overview of AI, intelligent agents, search and game playing, logic and knowledge representation, planning, reasoning with uncertainty, machine learning, natural language processing, perception and robotics, philosophy and the future, and AI programming. Links to other AI sites are also included. http://aima.eecs.berkeley.edu/ai.html
• Artificial Intelligence Resources--index, interm., short, links, graphics
  • Comprehensive set of links on all areas of AI. http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/ibp/iit/programs.html

Back to Main CS Page