Chapter 2 Outline
Designs for Description


Modified: 2007-02-01

Selection Example

Let's interpret the cross-sectional design above. Assume the differences between grade 9 and 10 are statistically significant as are the differences between grade 12 and freshman year.

Web Pages and Other Resources

Naturalistic Observation

Web pages


Jane Goodall
Covers Jane Goodall’s life, research, and more.
http://www.janegoodall.org/jane/default.asp

Wikipedia on Naturalistic Observation
Wikipedia’s page defines naturalistic observation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalistic_observation

Naturalistic Observation: FAQ
Gives advice on how to conduct naturalistic observations.
http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/social/psych20/support_materials/faqnaturalistic_observation.htm

Naturalistic Observation
Discusses the use of naturalistic observation in child development research.
http://www.rsc-sw-scotland.ac.uk/project_pages/james_watt/child_development/Developmental_Theory_Higher_ChildCare_09.htm

Book

Montgomery, H., Lipshitz, R. & Brehmer, B. (Eds.). (2004). How professionals make decisions. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Contains articles on individual and social decision making. Also covers naturalistic decision making methodologies.

Participant Observation

Web pages

Wikipedia on the Rosenhan Experiment
Wikipedia’s page on the Rosenhan experiment details the famous participant observation study.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenhan_experiment

On Being Sane in Insane Places
Online full-text version of Rosenhan’s 1973 participant observation study.
http://courses.ucsd.edu/fall2003/ps163f/Rosenhan.htm#_ftn1

David Rosenhan
Home page of David Rosenhan
http://www.law.stanford.edu/directory/profile/52/David%20Rosenhan/

Wikipedia on Participant Observation
Wikipedia’s page on participant observation describes it and how to conduct it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participant_observation

Participant Observation
Covers participant observation research and reviews approaches to it, and lists a bibliography.
http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/particip.htm

Participant Observation
Long page covers the history and practice of participant observation.
http://uk.geocities.com/balihar_sanghera/qrmparticipantobservation.html

Qualitative Research

Wikipedia on Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Wikipedia’s page on Kenneth and Mamie Clark covers their life and research.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clark_(psychologist)

Mamie Phipps-Clark
Covers her life, work, and bibliography.
http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/mamieclark.html

General Guidelines for Conducting Interviews
Tutorial on interviews covers preparation, types of interviews, questions, and more.
http://www.managementhelp.org/evaluatn/intrview.htm

Structured Behavioral Interviews
Government page discusses types of questions and give examples.
http://www.hr.state.az.us/staffingandrecruitment/structuredbehavioralinterviews.htm

Qualitative Methodologies
Tutorial on unstructured interviews and focus groups.
http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/DeafStudiesTeaching/dissert/Qualitative%20Methodologies.htm

Using Interview in Research
Student handout covers structured and unstructured interviews and gives advice on how to conduct them.
http://www.rider.edu/~suler/interviews.html

Focus Groups
http://www.ergolabs.com/focus_group.htm
Defines focus group and lists some of its limitations.

Basics of Conducting Focus Groups
Tutorial tells how to prepare and conduct focus group interviews.
http://www.managementhelp.org/evaluatn/focusgrp.htm

Wikipedia on Focus Groups
Wikipedia’s page cover traditional and online focus group research.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_group

Focus Groups
Online article covers focus groups, their potential and limitations, the role of the moderator, and ethical issues.
http://www.soc.surrey.ac.uk/sru/SRU19.html

Step-by-step Guide to Oral History
Long page tells how to conduct oral histories.
http://dohistory.org/on_your_own/toolkit/oralHistory.html

Oral History Techniques
Tutorial on oral history is structured in terms of before, during, and after interview tasks.
http://www.indiana.edu/~cshm/techniques.html

Oral History Association
Home page of the Oral History Association gives information about the organization, its publications, and meetings.
http://alpha.dickinson.edu/oha/#Principles%20and%20Standards

John Snow
Comprehensive site is devoted to the life and research of John Snow.
http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow.html

John Snow
A short biography of John Snow from the British Broadcasting Corporation.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/snow_john.shtml

Archival Research Catalog (ARC)
Page from the National Archives serves as a gateway to archival research using United States federal archives.
http://www.archives.gov/research/arc/

A Survival Guide to Archival Research
Page from the American Historical Association gives advice on how to conduct archival research.
http://www.historians.org/Perspectives/Issues/2004/0412/0412arc1.cfm

Library Research in Psychology
American Psychological Association page covers library research using a wide variety of sources.
http://www.apa.org/science/lib.html

Archives of the History of American Psychology
Home page of the Archives of the History of American Psychology contains manuscripts, films, and other historical materials related to the history of psychology.
http://www3.uakron.edu/ahap/

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